As I am frantically attempting to complete my last week of assignments prior to entering the field as a pre-intern, my stress levels are at an all-time high. Between working part time, attending class and finishing projects, sleep has fallen further and further away from being a top priority. As I was racing from work to class today, I was reminded of a semester long project I worked on in regards to my personal and professional development. For this assignment I aimed to manage my stress using a variety of techniques, however as I reflect on my current stress filled state, I can not help but feel that all the work I did last semester has been forgotten.
Tension is high in classes and I think that it is safe to assume that my peers are experiencing similar feelings in stress as I am. This post is not only a reminder and inspiration to myself, but is also specifically for my classmates and in turn the future students they will teach. Just like adults, children deal with stress on a daily basis, therefore it is my belief that stress managements should be incorporated into school settings. It is understood that stress in limited amounts adds to learning situations and life; the possibility for being overstressed is an eminent danger in the lives of young children. Due to their age children are not equipped to cope with such feelings and the long lasting results of stress is staggering. Teachers should provide students with experiences that allow them to addresses the concept of feelings with a specific look at stress, its influence on student’s lives, as well as, supply students with skills to cope with such stress.
Below I have included a lesson plan that was developed specifically with stress management in relation to physical education in mind. This lesson is for the grade 3 students whom I am doing my pre-internship with. The activity found within the lesson is not limited to specifically grade three, but can be adapted for any grade or age.
Name: Kyla Cheater Date: Dec. 1, 2011
Subject: Physical Education Grade: 3
Content: (Topic)
Stress Reduction Techniques |
Teaching Strategy:
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Outcomes:
Outcome: PE3.2 Evaluate the role of participation in movement activities in providing opportunities for enjoyment, challenge, self-expression, social interaction, increased skill competency, stress reduction, active work life, use of leisure time, contact with nature, and involvement in communities. |
Indicators:
- Discuss the benefits of participating in a variety of activities (e.g., team sports – social interaction; yoga – stress reduction; educational gymnastics – injury prevention; aerobic exercise – strengthen heart and lungs).
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Adaptive Dimension:
- If students are having a difficult time taking the exercise seriously, turn out the lights, and sit in quiet until everybody is ready to move forward.
- If this is done in a gymnasium have students stay on one half of the gymnasium to the script can be heard without shouting.
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Cross-Curricular Competencies:
- Developing Identity and Interdependence
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Prerequisite Learning:
- Knowledge of emotions
- Knowledge of stress and ability to identify stressors.
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Lesson Preparation:
Equipment/materials
- Relaxation Script (attached)
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Presentation:
Set (5 mins)
- Ask students to find a spot on the floor where they have enough room to lay down without touching, or looking at somebody else.
- Explain that as a class they have explored emotions, and have taken a special look at stress, the types of situations that create that stress and the ability they have to stress another person and that as a class they are going to learn one way to relax during a stressful situation.
- The teacher will explain that in a minute they will be turning out the lights, and they will be asked to close their eyes. Outline that the simulation will not begin until eyes are closed, and there is no noise in the room.
- Wait for complete silence, turn off lights and ask students to close their eyes.
Development (15 mins)
- Use the attached script to lead the classroom in a relaxed breathing exercise.
Closure (10 mins)
- Ask students to return to their desks quietly with no talking.
- The teacher should ask students to express how that breathing exercise made them feel.
- The teacher will explain that there are times when stressful situations occur and as people we are unable to control them. However our bodies react to those situations can be controlled. Explain that the breathing that they just did is a way to manage their stress.
- Ask students to explain any other tactics they feel would work to manage their stress.
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Classroom Management Strategies
- If you can hear my voice clap once, if you can hear my voice clap twice etc.
- If there are known behaviour problems present in the classroom, the teacher should allocate personal space areas for relaxation instead of allowing students the freedom to choose their own.
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Relaxation Script * adapted from http://www.innerhealthstudio.com/breathing-relaxation-for-children.html
Let’s relax right now. First, let your body relax a bit. Reach up, high above your head, stretching your arms… stretching your body very tall. Now let your arms relax. Place them at your sides, loosely.
Do the same thing again, but this time, breathe in as you reach up. Stretch…. and now breathe out as you relax and place your arms at your sides.
One more stretch, arms up, breathing in… and relax, arms down, breathing out.
Just sit now, letting your arms rest at your sides.
See how your breathing can relax you by taking slow, deep breaths. Breathe in…. hold your breath…. and now breathe out, slowly. Breathe in…. and out.
Keep breathing deeply and slowly, in and out, in and out, in and out.
Place one hand on your chest and one hand on your stomach. Feel both of your hands moving up and out as you breathe in… and down as you breathe out. Feel your hands moving with your chest and stomach, gently moving in and out with each breath.
(pause)
Imagine that there is a candle in front of you. You can even hold up one finger in front of your mouth and pretend it is a candle, if you like. As you breathe out, blow the air out through your mouth very slowly. Feel the air on your finger. Imagine that you are blowing enough air to make the flame of the candle flicker, but not enough to blow it out. You will need to blow very softly.
When you breathe in, imagine that the flame of the candle flickers and leans toward you. As you breathe out, the flame flickers and leans away.
Imagine the flame of the candle moving in and out with each breath you take.
(pause)
Another way your breathing can relax you is to breathe like different animals. Do you know how a dog pants? Breathe in…. and now as you breathe out, pant, ha ha ha ha ha ha ha.Breathe in…. pant, ha ha ha ha ha. Breathe in… pant.
Imagine that you are like a cat purring. Breathe in… and as you breathe out, purr. Breathe in…. purr. Breathe in… purr.
Now as you breathe, you can sigh, and relax. Breathe in…. and sigh as you breathe out. Breathe in…. sigh. Breathe in…. sigh.
Just relax now for a moment, feeling your body relax. Your arms and legs are very loose and relaxed.
Now you can imagine that your body is like a balloon filling up as you breathe in, and emptying as you breathe out. Let your ribs expand out to the sides, like a balloon, expanding… and then let the air out, like a balloon that is emptying. The balloon expands…. and then the air goes out.
You can even imagine that you are blowing up a balloon. Imagine that you breathe air into your lungs, and then when you breathe out through your mouth, imagine that you are blowing up a balloon. Each breath you blow out makes the balloon get even bigger. Imagine filing the balloon as it gets bigger and bigger with each breath out. Breathe in… and then blow up the balloon even more. Bigger… bigger…. bigger.
Imagine letting go of the balloon, so it flies around the room as the air escapes. Feel your body relaxing just like a limp, empty balloon. Continue the breathing relaxation for children.
And now, see how slowly you can breathe out. First breathe in…. and now breathe out very slowly… out… out…. out. When you can’t breathe out any more air, breathe in again, and then very slowly breathe out.
For the next few moments, just relax, resting. It feels good to relax. Enjoy this calm feeling.
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I really hope that you found this lesson helpful and it my hope that as teachers we are able to provide our students with skills that will allow them to find success in all that they do in the future. Stress is inevitable, but needs to be managed and therefore teachers owe it to their students to find activities that develop their abilities to manage stress.